The old theory that some of the valleys that have been discovered on Mars is now starting to change. Before, it was believed that these valleys were caused by ice, but now it is thought that they could be caused by the presence of volcanoes on the surface. On new images, spirals on Mars's surface have been discovered, and are thought to be similar to the topography we see in Hawaii. These swirls show the direction of the lava flow, as they would here on earth. These swirls also could have been cause by the spreading of the crust as well, as it spreads in our oceans here on earth. This new discovery further lets us understand the topography of Mars.
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/01/science/volcanic-activity-played-role-in-mars-valleys-study-suggests.html?_r=1&ref=science
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