A gene has been found that appears to be responsible for critical features of the human brain, the parts that separate us from our relatives. This gene was copied millions of years ago and was a critical step in our evolution. These genes are uniquely human and are important in providing raw material for evolutionary change. Certain genes, one being called SRGAP2, have actually duplicated two times in the history of human evolution. In incomplete duplication of the gene, it creates a novel gene with novel functions. This novel gene has actually shown a bridges back among our ancestors. While this one gene is an important factor, it is not the only thing that can expand the brain. Besides brain development, it also gives us insight into diseases of the brain such as schizophrenia.
http://www.medicaldaily.com/news/20120504/9763/brain-evolution-gene-human-homo-sapiens.htm
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